ABSTRACT
Existing methods for assessing food consumption are subject to measurement errors, especially the underreporting of energy intake, characterized by reporting energy intake below the minimum necessary to maintain body weight. This study aimed to compare the identification of energy intake underreporters using different predictive equations and instruments to collect dietary data. The study was conducted with 101 selected participants in the third wave of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) at the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo. For the dietary assessment, we applied a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), two 24-hour diet recall (24hR) using the GloboDiet software, and two 24hR using the Brasil-Nutri software. The energy intake underreport obtained from the FFQ was 13%, 16%, and 1% using the equations proposed by Goldberg et al. (1991), Black (2000), and McCrory et al. (2002), respectively. With these same equations, the 24hR described an underreport of 9.9%, 14.9%, and 0.9% respectively with the GloboDiet software and 14.7%, 15.8%, and 1.1% respectively with the Brasil-Nutri software. We verified a low prevalence of underreported energy intake among the three self-report-based dietary data collection methods (FFQ, 24hR with GloboDiet, and Brasil-Nutri). Though no statistically significant differences were found among three methods, the equations for each method differed among them. The agreement of energy intake between the methods was very similar, but the best was between GloboDiet and Brasil-Nutri.
Os métodos existentes para avaliar consumo alimentar estão sujeitos a erros de medição, especialmente à subnotificação de ingestão calórica, que descreve a ingestão calórica abaixo do mínimo necessário para manter o peso corporal. Este estudo buscou comparar a identificação de subnotificações de ingestão calórica através de diferentes equações preditivas e instrumentos para coletar dados dietéticos. Este estudo foi realizado com 101 participantes selecionados na terceira onda do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. A partir da avaliação dietética, aplicamos um questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA), dois recordatórios de 24 horas (24hR) pelo software GloboDiet e dois 24hR utilizando o software Brasil-Nutri. A subnotificação de ingestão calórica obtida pelo QFA foi de 13%, 16% e 1%, utilizando-se as equações propostas por Goldberg et al. (1991), Black (2000) e McCrory et al. (2002), respectivamente. Com essas mesmas equações, o 24hR achou uma subnotificação de 9,9%, 14,9% e 0,9%, respectivamente, com o software GloboDiet e de 14,7%, 15,8% e 1,1%, respectivamente, com o software Brasil-Nutri. Verificou-se baixa prevalência de ingestão calórica subnotificada entre os três métodos de captação de dados dietéticos por autorrelato (FFQ e 24hR com GloboDiet e Brasil-Nutri). As equações para cada método diferem entre si embora não tenhamos encontrado diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os três métodos. A concordância de ingestão calórica entre os métodos foi muito semelhante, mas a melhor foi entre a GloboDiet e a Brasil-Nutri.
Los métodos existentes para evaluar el consumo de alimentos están sujetos a errores de medición, especialmente la infradeclaración de la ingesta de energía, caracterizada por la notificación de la ingesta de energía por debajo del mínimo necesario para mantener el peso corporal. El objetivo de este estudio era comparar la identificación de las infradeclaraciones de ingesta energética utilizando diferentes ecuaciones de predicción e instrumentos de recogida de datos dietéticos. El estudio se realizó con 101 participantes seleccionados en la tercera ola del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) en el Hospital Universitario de la Universidad de São Paulo. Para la evaluación de la dieta, se aplicó un cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos (QFA), dos recordatorios de dieta de 24 horas (24hR) utilizando el software GloboDiet, y dos 24hR utilizando el software Brasil-Nutri. La infradeclaración de la ingesta energética obtenida del QFA fue del 13%, el 16% y el 1,0% utilizando las ecuaciones propuestas por Goldberg et al. (1991), Black (2000) y McCrory et al. (2002), respectivamente. Con estas mismas ecuaciones, el 24hR describió una infradeclaración del 9,9%, el 14,9% y el 0,9% respectivamente con el software GloboDiet y del 14,7%, el 15,8% y el 1,1% respectivamente con el software Brasil-Nutri. Se verificó una baja prevalencia de ingesta de energía subdeclarada entre los tres métodos de recogida de datos dietéticos basados en el autoinforme (QFA, 24hR con GloboDiet y Brasil-Nutri). Aunque no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tres métodos, las ecuaciones de cada uno de ellos diferían entre sí. La concordancia de la ingesta de energía entre los métodos fue muy similar, pero la mejor fue entre GloboDiet y Brasil-Nutri.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Energy Intake , Diet , Brazil , Diet Records , Diet Surveys , Surveys and Questionnaires , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La auto percepción periodontal tiene como objetivo permitir al paciente auto valorar su estado de salud bucal, así como tomar conciencia del riesgo que provoca padecer esta patología, motivando a mejorar el estilo de vida, disminuyendo los riesgos mediante la planificación de propuestas de intervención preventiva. Objetivo: Calcular la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal auto percibida en escolares de 12 años de edad, en la parroquia Monay del cantón Cuenca 2016. Materiales y Métodos: La metodología aplicada fue de tipo cualitativa, de diseño descriptivo, técnica observacional transversal retrospectivo. La muestra constituida por 252 fichas epidemiológicas de escolares de 12 años. Los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, a través del programa EpiInfo, las cuales fueron analizadas por operadores quienes recibieron una previa calibración. Resultados: Los resultados de la prevalencia de auto percepción obtenidos en la parroquia de estudio, indicaron que el 63% perciben la enfermedad periodontal y el 37% no la perciben, de acuerdo al sexo se obtuvo una mayor prevalencia de auto percepción en las mujeres con 73% y en hombres un 52%; según el tipo de sostenimiento educacional no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre los porcentajes de escolares que acudieron a escuelas privadas o públicas, se obtuvo un 56% de auto percepción periodontal en escuelas privadas y el 54% de autopercepción periodontal en escuelas públicas. Conclusiones: Se reporta un resultado del 63%, constituyendo una alta prevalencia de escolares que si autoperciben la enfermedad periodontal.
Abstract Introduction: Periodontal self perception allows the patient to assess his own oral health, as well as he becomes aware of the risks that it may trigger, motivating him to improve his life style, diminishing those risks with the planning of a preventive intervention. Objective: To calculate the prevalence of self-perceived periodontal disease in 12-year-old schoolchildren in the Monay parish of the 2016 Cuenca canton. Materials and Methods: The methodology applied was of qualitative type, descriptive design, retrospective cross-sectional observational technique. The sample consists of 252 epidemiological records of 12-year-old schoolchildren. The data were obtained from the database of the Catholic University of Cuenca, through the Epi Info program, which were analyzed by operators who received a previous calibration. Results: The results of the prevalence of automatic perception in the study parish, indicate that 63% perceive periodontal disease and 37% do not perceive it, according to sex, a higher prevalence of perception was obtained in women with 73% and in men 52%; According to the type of educational support, no significant differences were obtained between the percentages of schools that went to private or public schools, 56% of periodontal self-perception in private schools and 54% of periodontal self-perception in public schools were obtained. Conclusions: A result of 63% is reported, constituting a high prevalence of schoolchildren who perceive periodontal disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontitis/epidemiology , EcuadorABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) is a grading system adopted worldwide by anesthesiologists to classify the overall health status of patients. Its importance is demonstrated not only by its routine use in clinical practice, but also by its deployment in other healthcare-related environments. However, a weak/moderate inter-rater reliability for ASA-PS has been previously shown, and although definitions and clinical examples of each class are provided by ASA, doubts remain on the individual factors influencing assignment to an ASA-PS class. The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how an anesthesiologist’s experience affects classification into a specific ASA-PS class. METHODS: An online survey presenting eight fictitious patients was administered to a group of Italian anesthesiologists and residents. Respondents were asked to assign each of the eight patients to a specific ASA-PS class. Anesthesiologists were subdivided into five classes according to years of experience as an anesthesiologist. RESULTS: Six hundred one surveys were correctly completed. The highest mean number of correct answers was obtained by residents (3.95 ± 1.13), with the number decreasing progressively with increasing work experience. The lowest value was recorded in the most experienced group (3.13 ± 1.25). Inter-rater reliability was weak/moderate in all experience level groups (k = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS: Low inter-reliability of the ASA-PS and the experience-dependence of the anesthesiologist in assigning classifications must be taken into account when evaluating a patient, particularly in settings where wide differences in experience are present.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesiology , Classification , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the status of BRCA1/2 genetic testing practices in Korea in 2014. METHODS: A structured questionnaire was provided to the specialist in charge of BRCA1/2 genetic testing via e-mail between 28 July and 10 August 2015. A total of 11 genetic testing professionals from 14 organizations responded to the survey that asked about the status of BRCA1/2 genetic testing in the year 2014. RESULTS: The average number of BRCA1/2 genetic tests executed was 192; 6 organizations had executed less than 100 tests, and 5 organizations had conducted more than 100 tests. The primary testing method used was Sanger sequencing (100%), and 2 institutes performed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The analysis software differed across the various organizations, with Sequencher (81.81%), Seqscape (27.27%), and Codoncode Aligner (9.09%) reported as utilized. We found that the guidelines for the interpretation of the genetic tests were different at each institution. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study only examined the status of the 2014 BRCA1/2 genetic testing practices of 11 institutions, it illustrates the necessity for standardized genetic testing or interpretation guidelines in Korea.
Subject(s)
Academies and Institutes , Electronic Mail , Genetic Testing , Korea , Methods , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Specialization , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There have been few studies of treatment adherence in Asian patients with psoriasis and understanding of the factors is important to improve outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of treatment adherence among Korean patients with psoriasis and to understand how the perceptions of patients and physicians affect topical treatment adherence. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the views and opinions of dermatologists and psoriasis patients on topical treatment adherence. The survey items were developed in collaboration with psoriasis experts. RESULTS: Twenty-six dermatologists and fifty patients completed their questionnaire. In the physician survey, more than half of dermatologists only inquired about adherence up to 20% of the time. Most dermatologists generally thought that their patients had high expectations of treatment. Nearly 40% of dermatologists reported that more than 60% of their patients adhered to the prescribed topical treatment. In the patient survey, more than 15% of patients reported that they did not receive enough information about the drug. Around one-fifth of the patients also complained about the physical properties of the products. The majority of patients were confident with the current topical treatments and expected fast improvement, within a couple of weeks. The most common reason for low adherence was forgetfulness. Inconvenience and concerns about side effects were common reasons for topical treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Because adherence to topical treatment is a complex, multifactorial issue with factors varying between patients, dermatologists should focus on determining each patient's individual adherence barriers to achieve good treatment outcomes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Asian People , Compliance , Cooperative Behavior , Medication Adherence , Psoriasis , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Introducción: La auto percepción periodontal tiene como objetivo permitir al paciente auto valorar su estado de salud bucal, así como tomar conciencia del riesgo que provoca padecer esta patología, motivando a mejorar el estilo de vida, disminuyendo los riesgos mediante la planificación de propuestas de intervención preventiva. Objetivo: Calcular la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal auto percibida en escolares de 12 años de edad, en la parroquia Monay del cantón Cuenca 2016. Materiales y Métodos: La metodología aplicada fue de tipo cualitativa, de diseño descriptivo, técnica observacional transversal retrospectivo. La muestra constituida por 252 fichas epidemiológicas de escolares de 12 años. Los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, a través del programa EpiInfo, las cuales fueron analizadas por operadores quienes recibieron una previa calibración. Resultados: Los resultados de la prevalencia de auto percepción obtenidos en la parroquia de estudio, indicaron que el 63% perciben la enfermedad periodontal y el 37% no la perciben, de acuerdo al sexo se obtuvo una mayor prevalencia de auto percepción en las mujeres con 73% y en hombres un 52%; según el tipo de sostenimiento educacional no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre los porcentajes de escolares que acudieron a escuelas privadas o públicas, se obtuvo un 56% de auto percepción periodontal en escuelas privadas y el 54% de autopercepción periodontal en escuelas públicas. Conclusiones: Se reporta un resultado del 63%, constituyendo una alta prevalencia de escolares que si autoperciben la enfermedad periodontal.
Introduction: Periodontal self perception allows the patient to assess his own oral health, as well as he becomes aware of the risks that it may trigger, motivating him to improve his life style, diminishing those risks with the planning of a preventive intervention. Objective: To calculate the prevalence of self-perceived periodontal disease in 12-year-old schoolchildren in the Monay parish of the 2016 Cuenca canton. Materials and Methods: The methodology applied was of qualitative type, descriptive design, retrospective cross-sectional observational technique. The sample consists of 252 epidemiological records of 12-year-old schoolchildren. The data were obtained from the database of the Catholic University of Cuenca, through the Epi Info program, which were analyzed by operators who received a previous calibration. Results: The results of the prevalence of automatic perception in the study parish, indicate that 63% perceive periodontal disease and 37% do not perceive it, according to sex, a higher prevalence of perception was obtained in women with 73% and in men 52%; According to the type of educational support, no significant differences were obtained between the percentages of schools that went to private or public schools, 56% of periodontal self-perception in private schools and 54% of periodontal self-perception in public schools were obtained. Conclusions: A result of 63% is reported, constituting a high prevalence of schoolchildren who perceive periodontal disease.